Glycolithocholic Acid-d4 (Synonyms: Lithocholylglycine-d4)

Glycolithocholic acid-d₄ is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of glycolithocholic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Glycolithocholic acid is a glycine-conjugated form of the secondary bile acid lithocholic acid .¹ It is increased in the liver of mice fed a diet supplemented with ursodeoxycholic acid .² Glycolithocholic acid levels are decreased in the plasma following subcutaneous administration of PEG-obestatin(Cys¹⁰, Cys¹³), a modified peptide hormone, in lean or diet-induced obese mice.³ Serum glycolithocholic acid levels increase with age in children.⁴

1.Lefebvre, P., Cariou, B., Lien, F., et al.Role of bile acids and bile acid receptors in metabolic regulationPhysiol. Rev.89(1)147-191(2009) 2.Zhang, Y., and Klaassen, C.D.Effects of feeding bile acids and a bile acid sequestrant on hepatic bile acid composition in miceJ. Lipid Res.51(11)3230-3242(2010) 3.Cowan, E., Kimar, P., Burch, K.J., et al.Treatment of lean and diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice with a novel stable obestatin analogue alters plasma metabolite levels as detected by untargeted LC-MS metabolomicsMetabolomics12(124)(2016) 4.Semba, R.D., Gonzalez-Freier, M., Moaddel, R., et al.Environmental enteric dysfunction is associated with altered bile acid metabolismJ. Pediatr. Gastenterol. Nutr.64(4)536-540(2017)