Hyocholic Acid (Synonyms: γ-Muricholic Acid) |
| رقم الكتالوجGC40717 |
حمض هيوكوليك هو حمض صفراوي أساسي في الخنازير والثدييات الأخرى.
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Cas No.: 547-75-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Hyocholic acid (γ-Muricholic acid) is the major bile acid in pigs and other mammals and is also found in urine samples of patients with cholestasis[1]. Hyocholic acid promotes intracellular glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion by activating G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) and inhibiting farnesoid X receptor (FXR), thereby improving glucose homeostasis[2]. Hyocholic acid can be used as a novel biomarker for metabolic disorders and can resist type 2 diabetes[3].
In vitro, treatment of STC-1 and NCI-H716 cells with hyocholic acid (25, 50 μM) for 24 h upregulated GLP-1 protein secretion and proglucagon gene transcription in cells [4].
In vivo, oral treatment of diabetic mice with hyocholic acid (100 mg/kg) reduced blood glucose levels, increased fasting insulin levels, and upregulated serum GLP-1 levels through TGR5 and FXR signaling in vivo [4]. Oral treatment of nonalcoholic hepatitis mice with hyocholic acid (10, 100 mg/kg) for 16 weeks alleviated hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet, reduced the production of lipid peroxides in a dose-dependent manner, and prevented hepatocyte apoptosis[5].
References:
[1] Lundell K, Wikvall K. Species-specific and age-dependent bile acid composition: aspects on CYP8B and CYP4A subfamilies in bile acid biosynthesis[J]. Current drug metabolism, 2008, 9(4): 323-331.
[2] Jia W, Rajani C, Zheng X, et al. Hyocholic acid and glycemic regulation: Comments on ‘Hyocholic acid species improve glucose homeostasis through a distinct TGR5 and FXR signaling mechanism’[J]. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology, 2021, 13(6): 460-462.
[3] Zheng X, Chen T, Zhao A, et al. Hyocholic acid species as novel biomarkers for metabolic disorders[J]. Nature communications, 2021, 12(1): 1487.
[4] Zheng X, Chen T, Jiang R, et al. Hyocholic acid species improve glucose homeostasis through a distinct TGR5 and FXR signaling mechanism[J]. Cell metabolism, 2021, 33(4): 791-803. e7.
[5] Xie Y, Shen F, He Y, et al. Gamma-muricholic acid inhibits nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Abolishment of steatosis-dependent peroxidative impairment by FXR/SHP/LXRα/FASN signaling[J]. Nutrients, 2023, 15(5): 1255.
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