Cefazolin (sodium salt) (Synonyms: Ancef®,Biazolina,Elzogram,Gramaxin,Kefzolan,Kezolin,NSC 291561,SKF 41558)

Cefazolin is a semisynthetic antibiotic with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Cefazolin has exhibited high activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria [1].

In vitro: In cultured MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell line, cefazolin (100 μg/ml) showed little or no effect on osteoblast replication. Cefazolin (200μg/ml) significantly decreased cell replication, and 10,000 μg/ml caused cell death [2].

In vivo: In patients with normal and various degrees of compromised renal function, administration of cefazolin significantly decreased the urinary concentration and percentage of the dose excreted in the urine [3]. The half-life of cefazolin in serum of normal persons was 1.9 hr and as long as 35 hr in severely uremic patients. In uremic patients, cefazolin was well tolerated [4].

References:
[1] Kariyone K, HARADA H, KURITA M, et al.  Cefazolin, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. I[J]. The Journal of antibiotics, 1970, 23(3): 131-136.
[2] Edin M L, Miclau T, Lester G E, et al.  Effect of cefazolin and vancomycin on osteoblasts in vitro[J]. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 1996, 333: 245-251.
[3] Levison M E, Levison S P, Ries K, et al.  Pharmacology of cefazolin in patients with normal and abnormal renal function[J]. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1973, 128(Supplement 2): S354-S357.
[4] Craig W A, Welling P G, Jackson T C, et al.  Pharmacology of cefazolin and other cephalosporins in patients with renal insufficiency[J]. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1973, 128(Supplement 2): S347-S353.