BDE No 99 (Synonyms: 2,2′,4,4′,5-PentaBDE)

Cell lines

Human and mouse neural progenitor cells

Preparation Method

Human mouse neural progenitor cells (NPCs) were differentiated with DMSO or increasing concentrations of BDE No 99 for 5 days. oligodendrocyte lineage cells were immunocytochemically stained with an antibody against O4 and nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33258. Viability was measured with the Alamar-Blue assay two hours prior fixation.

Reaction Conditions

0.01 - 20µM BDE No 99 for 5 days.

Applications

BDE No 99 reduces NPC differentiation to the oligodendrocyte (O4+ cells) lineage. BDE No 99 reduced human and murine O4+ cell formation in a concentration-dependent manner with human NPCs being 7-times more sensitive towards BDE No 99 exposure than their murine counterparts.

Animal models

C57BL/6J conventional(CV) mice, C57BL/6J germ-free (GN) mice

Preparation Method

CV and GN mice were randomly allocated for the treatment of vehicle (corn oil, 10 ml/kg), or BDE No 99 via oral gavage once daily for 4 days. Livers were collected 24 hours after the last dosing on the fifth day and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The mRNAs of phase-I drug-metabolizing enzymes Cyp1a2 , Cyp2b10, and Cyp3a11 were quantified in livers of CV mice using RT-qPCR.

Dosage form

10, 100 μmol/kg BDE No 99, oral gavage

Applications

Many Cyp2 family members (such as Cyp2a5, Cyp2b10, Cyp2c37, Cyp2c50, Cyp2c54, and Cyp2c55) are upregulated by BDE No 99 in livers of both CV and GF mice, with a much greater fold change observed in GF conditions.

References:

[1]. Dach K, Bendt F, et al. BDE-99 impairs differentiation of human and mouse NPCs into the oligodendroglial lineage by species-specific modes of action. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 20;7:44861.

[2]. Li CY, Lee S, et al. Novel Interactions between Gut Microbiome and Host Drug-Processing Genes Modify the Hepatic Metabolism of the Environmental Chemicals Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers. Drug Metab Dispos. 2017 Nov;45(11):1197-1214.