Phenylac-Gly-OH |
| Catalog No.GA23362 |
Phenylac-Gly-OH is an endogenous metabolite.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 500-98-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Phenylac-Gly-OH is a glycine conjugate of phenylacetate. The intestinal microbiota converts phenylpyruvate into phenylacetic acid, and under the catalysis of liver and kidney enzymes, phenylacetic acid combines with glycine to form Phenylac-Gly-OH[1].
Phenylac-Gly-OH induced the expression of natriuretic peptide precursor B gene (Nppb) in immortalized rat adult myocardial H9c2 cells, and the expression level of Nppb in the Phenylac-Gly-OH group was 3.66-fold higher than that in the vector group[2]. Phenylac-Gly-OH (100 μM) reduces hypoxia-induced apoptosis of neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes and activates the anti-apoptotic Gαi/PI3K/AKT signaling cascade in NMCMs cells by stimulating β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) signaling[3].
After intraperitoneal injection of Phenylac-Gly-OH (50 mg/kg) for 15min in male C57BL6/J mice, the expression of Nppb in left atrium of mice in Phenylac-Gly-OH group was significantly increased (1.46 times) compared with mice treated with carriers[2]. In mice with FeCl3-induced carotid artery injury, Phenylac-Gly-OH (50 mg/kg) induced an increase in platelet thrombosis in the injured carotid artery compared with mice treated with the nutritional precursor phenylalanine (Phe) or normal saline (carrier). And correspondingly reduce the blood flow stopping time (i.e. occlusion time) after injury[4].
References:
[1] Zhu Y, Dwidar M, Nemet I, et al. Two distinct gut microbial pathways contribute to meta-organismal production of phenylacetylglutamine with links to cardiovascular disease[J]. Cell host & microbe, 2023, 31(1): 18-32. e9.
[2] Romano K A, Nemet I, Prasad Saha P, et al. Gut microbiota-generated phenylacetylglutamine and heart failure[J]. Circulation: Heart Failure, 2023, 16(1): e009972.
[3] Xu X, Lu W, Shi J, et al. The gut microbial metabolite phenylacetylglycine protects against cardiac injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion through activating β2AR[J]. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2021, 697: 108720.
[4] Nemet I, Saha P P, Gupta N, et al. A cardiovascular disease-linked gut microbial metabolite acts via adrenergic receptors[J]. Cell, 2020, 180(5): 862-877. e22.
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