7,8-Dihydroneopterin (Synonyms: D-erythro-7,8-Dihydroneopterin)

7,8-Dihydroneopterin is a pteridine with antioxidant activities.[1] It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals in a cell-free assay when used at concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 μM. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin (2-10 μM) inhibits copper ion-induced oxidation of LDL in a cell-free assay and decreases thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) produced by THP-1 cells cultured with LDL.[2],[3] It inhibits necrosis induced by oxidized LDL (oxLDL) in U937, but not THP-1, cells when used at a concentration of 200 μM.[4]

Reference:
[1]. Oettl, K., Greilberger, J., and Reibnegger, G. Dihydroneopterin as a scavenger of nitrogen centered radicals. Pteridines 11(3), 90-93 (2000).
[2]. Gieseg, S.P., Reibnegger, G., Wachter, H., et al. 7,8 Dihydroneopterin inhibits low density lipoprotein oxidation in vitro. Evidence that this macrophage secreted pteridine is an anti-oxidant. Free Radic. Res. 23(2), 123-136 (1995).
[3]. Gieseg, S.P., and Cato, S. Inhibition of THP-1 cell-mediated low-density lipoprotein oxidation by the macrophage-synthesised pterin, 7,8-dihydroneopterin. Redox Rep. 8(2), 113-115 (2003).
[4]. Baird, S.K., Reid, L., Hampton, M.B., et al. OxLDL induced cell death is inhibited by the macrophage synthesised pterin, 7,8-dihydroneopterin, in U937 cells but not THP-1 cells. Biochim Biophys. Acta. 1745(3), 361-369 (2005).