Oxamyl (Synonyms: NSC 379588)

Oxamyl is a carbamate pesticide and an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC₅₀ = 1.67 μM for C. gigas enzyme).¹ It is nematocidal, decreasing the number of P. penetrans and M. hapla per gram of alfalfa (M. sativa) root when applied to seeds at a concentration of 50 mg/ml.² Oxamyl (50 and 100 μg/ml) is also toxic to citrus nematode (T. semipenetrans) larvae.³ In vivo, oxamyl (2.1 and 3.5 mg/kg) inhibits plasma and brain AChE, as well as liver glucose-6-phosphatase and succinic acid dehydrogenase, and reduces body weight gain in rats.⁴ Formulations containing oxamyl have been used to control nematode infestation of field crops.

1.Anguiano, G.A., Amador, A., Moreno-Legorreta, M., et al.Effects of exposure to oxamyl, carbofuran, dichlorvos, and lindane on acetylcholinesterase activity in the gills of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigasEnviron. Toxicol.25(4)327-332(2010) 2.Townshend, J.L., and Chiba, M.Control of Pratylenchus penetrans and Meloidogyne hapla and yield response of alfalfa due to oxamyl seed treatmentsJ. Nematol.19(4)454-458(1987) 3.Baines, R.C., and Small, R.H.Effects of oxamyl on the citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, and on infection of sweet orangeJ. Nematol.8(2)122-130(1976) 4.Fayez, V., and Kilgore, W.W.Acute toxic effects of oxamyl in the ratFundam. Appl. Toxicol.18(1)155-159(1992)