Pleuromutilin (Synonyms: Antibiotic A 40104C,Drosophilin B,NSC 121145)

Pleuromutilin is a diterpene antibiotic derived from the basidiomycete fungus, Clitopilus passeckerianus [1][2].

Pleuromutilin is a biologically active compound produced by Clitopilus passeckerianus, Drosophila subatrata, Clitopilus scyphoides (Pleurotus mutilus), and several other species of the genus Clitopilus. Pleuromutilin is a tricyclic diterpene that against gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus haemolyticus, and Bacillus subtilis. tiamulin and valnemulin, the derivatives of pleuromutilin, are used in veterinary medicine to treat swine dysentery and enzootic pneumonia. A novel semisynthetic pleuromutilin, retapamulin, is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes and is the first pleuromutilin derivative formulated as a topical antibacterial agent for treating human skin infections [1].

Pleuromutilin is a diterpene antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosomes in the peptidyl transferase center of the 50S subunit and inhibiting peptide bond formation [2].

References:
[1].  Kilaru S, Collins CM, Hartley AJ, et al. Establishing molecular tools for genetic manipulation of the pleuromutilin-producing fungus Clitopilus passeckerianus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(22):7196-204.
[2].  Long KS, Hansen LH, Jakobsen L, et al. Interaction of pleuromutilin derivatives with the ribosomal peptidyl transferase center. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Apr;50(4):1458-62.