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D-AP5 (Synonyms: D-2-Amino-5-Phosphonovaleric acid; D-APV)

Catalog No.GC16315

D-AP5은 선택적 N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) 수용체 앙티아고니스트로, Kd 값이 1.4μM이다.

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D-AP5 Chemical Structure

Cas No.: 79055-68-8

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Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.

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D-AP5은 선택적 N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) 수용체 앙티아고니스트로, Kd 값이 1.4μM이다.

D-AP5은 NMDA 수용체의 글루타마트 결합 사이트를 억제한다[2]. 이것은 NMDA 수용체가 신경병리학에서의 역할, 특히 신경 보호에서의 역할을 연구하는 데 사용될 수 있다[3].

체외 실험에서 D-AP5(30μM)는 피질 뇌기능을 처리하여 엡시낭에서 방출된 글루타마트가 유도한 세포내 Ca2+ 농도 증가를 NMDA 수용체 억제를 통해 현저하게 감소시켰다[4]. D-AP5(20μM)는 쥐 해마 구조의 뉴런을 처리하여 NMDA 유도 칼슘 류입을 현저하게 감소시키고 뉴런 전기활동을 억제하여 뉴런을 흥분 독성 손상으로부터 보호한다[5].

체내 실험에서 D-AP5(0.5µg/µL; 1µL/h)은 14일 동안 Lister 후드 쥐에게 뇌시내 투여를 통해 공간 학습 및 기억 능력을 크게 영향을 미쳤으며, 주로 NMDA 수용체를 통해 중개된 엡시낭적 유연성 메커니즘과 장기간 강화(LTP) 형성을 억제함으로써 이를 달성했다[6]. D-AP5(5-10 nmol/µL; 0.5µL/h)은 쥐에게 뇌시내 투여를 통해 해마 CA1 영역의 LTP 형성을 현저하게 억제하여 기억 손상으로 이어졌다[7].

References:
[1] Evans R H, Francis A A, Jones A W, et al. The effects of a series of ω‐phosphonic α‐carboxylic amino acids on electrically evoked and excitant amino acid‐induced responses in isolated spinal cord preparations[J]. British journal of pharmacology, 1982, 75(1): 65-75.
[2] Choi D W, Koh J, Peters S. Pharmacology of glutamate neurotoxicity in cortical cell culture: attenuation by NMDA antagonists[J]. Journal of Neuroscience, 1988, 8(1): 185-196.
[3] Hwang J Y, Kim Y H, Ahn Y H, et al. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade induces neuronal apoptosis in cortical culture[J]. Experimental neurology, 1999, 159(1): 124-130.
[4] Palygin O, Lalo U, Verkhratsky A, et al. Ionotropic NMDA and P2X1/5 receptors mediate synaptically induced Ca2+ signalling in cortical astrocytes[J]. Cell calcium, 2010, 48(4): 225-231.
[5] Benveniste M, Mienville J M, Sernagor E, et al. Concentration-jump experiments with NMDA antagonists in mouse cultured hippocampal neurons[J]. Journal of Neurophysiology, 1990, 63(6): 1373-1384.
[6] Morris R G M, Steele R J, Bell J E, et al. N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors, learning and memory: chronic intraventricular infusion of the NMDA receptor antagonist d‐AP 5 interacts directly with the neural mechanisms of spatial learning[J]. European Journal of Neuroscience, 2013, 37(5): 700-717.
[7] Davis S, Butcher S P, Morris R G. The NMDA receptor antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate (D-AP5) impairs spatial learning and LTP in vivo at intracerebral concentrations comparable to those that block LTP in vitro[J]. Journal of Neuroscience, 1992, 12(1): 21-34.

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