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Home >> Signaling Pathways >> Immunology/Inflammation

Immunology/Inflammation

The immune and inflammation-related pathway including the Toll-like receptors pathway, the B cell receptor signaling pathway, the T cell receptor signaling pathway, etc.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a central role in host cell recognition and responses to microbial pathogens. TLR4 initially recruits TIRAP and MyD88. MyD88 then recruits IRAKs, TRAF6, and the TAK1 complex, leading to early-stage activation of NF-κB and MAP kinases [1]. TLR4 is endocytosed and delivered to intracellular vesicles and forms a complex with TRAM and TRIF, which then recruits TRAF3 and the protein kinases TBK1 and IKKi. TBK1 and IKKi catalyze the phosphorylation of IRF3, leading to the expression of type I IFN [2].

BCR signaling is initiated through ligation of mIg under conditions that induce phosphorylation of the ITAMs in CD79, leading to the activation of Syk. Once Syk is activated, the BCR signal is transmitted via a series of proteins associated with the adaptor protein B-cell linker (Blnk, SLP-65). Blnk binds CD79a via non-ITAM tyrosines and is phosphorylated by Syk. Phospho-Blnk acts as a scaffold for the assembly of the other components, including Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk), Vav 1, and phospholipase C-gamma 2 (PLCγ2) [3]. Following the assembly of the BCR-signalosome, GRB2 binds and activates the Ras-guanine exchange factor SOS, which in turn activates the small GTPase RAS. The original RAS signal is transmitted and amplified through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which including the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase RAF followed by MEK and extracellular signal related kinases ERK 1 and 2 [4]. After stimulation of BCR, CD19 is phosphorylated by Lyn. Phosphorylated CD19 activates PI3K by binding to the p85 subunit of PI3K and produce phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) from PIP2, and PIP3 transmits signals downstream [5].

Central process of T cells responding to specific antigens is the binding of the T-cell receptor (TCR) to specific peptides bound to the major histocompatibility complex which expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Once TCR connected with its ligand, the ζ-chain–associated protein kinase 70 molecules (Zap-70) are recruited to the TCR-CD3 site and activated, resulting in an initiation of several signaling cascades. Once stimulation, Zap-70 forms complexes with several molecules including SLP-76; and a sequential protein kinase cascade is initiated, consisting of MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), and MAP kinase (MAPK) [6]. Two MAPK kinases, MKK4 and MKK7, have been reported to be the primary activators of JNK. MKK3, MKK4, and MKK6 are activators of P38 MAP kinase [7]. MAP kinase pathways are major pathways induced by TCR stimulation, and they play a key role in T-cell responses.

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) binds to the cytosolic domain of CD28, leading to conversion of PIP2 to PIP3, activation of PKB (Akt) and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1), and subsequent signaling transduction [8].

 

References

[1] Kawai T, Akira S. The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors[J]. Nature immunology, 2010, 11(5): 373-384.

[2] Kawai T, Akira S. Toll-like receptors and their crosstalk with other innate receptors in infection and immunity[J]. Immunity, 2011, 34(5): 637-650.

[3] Packard T A, Cambier J C. B lymphocyte antigen receptor signaling: initiation, amplification, and regulation[J]. F1000Prime Rep, 2013, 5(40.10): 12703.

[4] Zhong Y, Byrd J C, Dubovsky J A. The B-cell receptor pathway: a critical component of healthy and malignant immune biology[C]//Seminars in hematology. WB Saunders, 2014, 51(3): 206-218.

[5] Baba Y, Matsumoto M, Kurosaki T. Calcium signaling in B cells: regulation of cytosolic Ca 2+ increase and its sensor molecules, STIM1 and STIM2[J]. Molecular immunology, 2014, 62(2): 339-343.

[6] Adachi K, Davis M M. T-cell receptor ligation induces distinct signaling pathways in naive vs. antigen-experienced T cells[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011, 108(4): 1549-1554.

[7] Rincón M, Flavell R A, Davis R A. The Jnk and P38 MAP kinase signaling pathways in T cell–mediated immune responses[J]. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2000, 28(9): 1328-1337.

[8] Bashour K T, Gondarenko A, Chen H, et al. CD28 and CD3 have complementary roles in T-cell traction forces[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014, 111(6): 2241-2246.

Targets for  Immunology/Inflammation

Products for  Immunology/Inflammation

  1. Cat.No. Product Name Information
  2. GC46583 3-Amino-2,6-Piperidinedione

    α-Aminoglutarimide, 3-Aminoglutarimide, Glutamimide

     An active metabolite of (±)-thalidomide 3-Amino-2,6-Piperidinedione Chemical Structure
  3. GC52129 3-Amino-5-hydroxybenzoic Acid

    AHBA

     3-Amino-5-hydroxybenzoic Acid Chemical Structure
  4. GC49849 3-Aminosalicylic Acid

    3-ASA, NSC 285111

     A salicylic acid derivative 3-Aminosalicylic Acid Chemical Structure
  5. GC38208 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole A potent inhibitor of nNOS 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole Chemical Structure
  6. GC10385 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole nNOS inhibitor 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole Chemical Structure
  7. GC42259 3-Deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine

    c3dA

     3-Deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine strongly inhibits lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis with low cytotoxicity when applied at 100 μM. 3-Deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine Chemical Structure
  8. GC62794 3-Demethylcolchicine

    (–)-3-Demethylcolchicine

     3-Demethylcolchicine, a colchicine metabolite, possesses a hydroxy-group on its carbon ring that could participate in radical scavenging and markedly inhibits the carrageenin edema. 3-Demethylcolchicine Chemical Structure
  9. GC18655 3-hydroxy Decanoic Acid methyl ester

    methyl 3-hydroxy Decanoate, 3-Hydroxy C10:0 methyl ester

     3-hydroxy Decanoic acid methyl ester is a hydroxylated fatty acid methyl ester that has been found in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by P. 3-hydroxy Decanoic Acid methyl ester Chemical Structure
  10. GC42275 3-hydroxy Desloratidine

    SCH 45581

     3-hydroxy Desloratidine is a major metabolite of desloratadine , a tricyclic antagonist of the histamine H1 receptor. 3-hydroxy Desloratidine Chemical Structure
  11. GC42276 3-hydroxy Docosanoic Acid

    3-hydroxy Behenic Acid, β-hydroxy Docosanoic Acid, 3-hydroxy DCA, β-hydroxy DCA

     3-hydroxy Docosanoic acid is a hydroxylated form of the 22-carbon saturated docosanoic acid. 3-hydroxy Docosanoic Acid Chemical Structure
  12. GC45774 3-hydroxy Heptadecanoic Acid

    β-hydroxy Heptadecanoic Acid, 3-hydroxy Heptadecylic Acid, 3-hydroxy Margaric Acid

     A hydroxy fatty acid 3-hydroxy Heptadecanoic Acid Chemical Structure
  13. GC40474 3-hydroxy Lignoceric Acid 3-hydroxy Lignoceric acid is a hydroxylated form of the 24-carbon saturated lignoceric acid. 3-hydroxy Lignoceric Acid Chemical Structure
  14. GC49847 3-hydroxy methyl Cefuroxime

    Descarbamoyl Cefuroxime

     3-hydroxy methyl Cefuroxime is a degradation product of Cefuroxime. 3-hydroxy methyl Cefuroxime Chemical Structure
  15. GC42280 3-hydroxy Myristic Acid methyl ester

    methyl 3-hydroxy Myristate, (±)-3-hydroxy Myristic Acid methyl ester, methyl 3-hydroxy Tetradecanoate

    3-hydroxy Myristic acid methyl ester is a hydroxylated fatty acid methyl ester that has been found in E.

     3-hydroxy Myristic Acid methyl ester Chemical Structure
  16. GC42281 3-hydroxy Palmitic Acid

    β-hydroxy Hexadecanoic Acid, β-hydroxy Palmitic Acid, DL-3-hydroxy Palmitic Acid

     3-hydroxy Palmitic acid is a form of the 16:0 lipid palmitic acid. 3-hydroxy Palmitic Acid Chemical Structure
  17. GC42282 3-hydroxy Palmitic Acid methyl ester

    3-hydroxy PAME, 3-hydroxy PA methyl ester

     3-hydroxy Palmitic acid methyl ester (3-hydroxy PAME) is an esterized long-chain fatty acid involved in quorum sensing in R. 3-hydroxy Palmitic Acid methyl ester Chemical Structure
  18. GC42286 3-hydroxy Stearic Acid

    3-hydroxy Octadecanoic Acid, β-hydroxy Octadecanoic Acid, β-hydroxy Stearic Acid

     3-hydroxy Stearic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid and intermediate in the production of 3-hydroxy octadecanedioic acid from stearic acid. 3-hydroxy Stearic Acid Chemical Structure
  19. GC42288 3-hydroxy Tridecanoic Acid

    β-hydroxy Tridecanoic Acid

     3-hydroxy Tridecanoic acid is a 13-carbon saturated fatty acid found in bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 3-hydroxy Tridecanoic Acid Chemical Structure
  20. GC49819 3-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(5H)-thiophenone A degradation product of cefaclor 3-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(5H)-thiophenone Chemical Structure
  21. GC45336 3-hydroxy-DL-Kynurenine

    DL-3-Hydroxykynurenine

     3-hydroxy-DL-Kynurenine, ametabolite of tryptophan, is a potential endogenous neurotoxin whose increased levels have been described in several neurodegenerative disorders. 3-hydroxy-DL-Kynurenine Chemical Structure
  22. GC49364 3-Hydroxycoumarin

    3-Coumarinol, NSC 74691

     A coumarin with diverse biological activities 3-Hydroxycoumarin Chemical Structure
  23. GC45337 3-Hydroxyterphenyllin

    NSC 299113

     3-Hydroxyterphenyllin is a metabolite of Aspergillus candidus.3-Hydroxyterphenyllin suppresses proliferation and causes cytotoxicity against A2780/CP70 and OVCAR-3 cells. 3-Hydroxyterphenyllin induces S phase arrest and apoptosis. 3-Hydroxyterphenyllin has the potential for the research of ovarian cancer. 3-Hydroxyterphenyllin Chemical Structure
  24. GC31290 3-Indolepropionic acid

    3-Indolepropionic Acid, NSC 3252, NSC 47831

     A bacterial metabolite with antioxidant and neuroprotective activities 3-Indolepropionic acid Chemical Structure
  25. GC48457 3-keto Fusidic Acid

    3-keto FA, 3-Oxofusidic Acid

     An active metabolite of fusidic acid 3-keto Fusidic Acid Chemical Structure
  26. GC64630 3-O-Acetyl-α-boswellic acid

    ABA, 3-O-acetyl-α-Boswellic Acid, α-Boswellic Acid Acetate

     3-O-Acetyl-α-boswellic acid suppresses T cell function. 3-O-Acetyl-α-boswellic acid Chemical Structure
  27. GC48488 3-Oxobetulin Acetate

    28-O-acetyl-3-Oxobetulin, 3-oxo-28-O-Acetylbetulin

     A derivative of betulin 3-Oxobetulin Acetate Chemical Structure
  28. GC40692 3-Propylxanthine

    D 4028, Enprofylline

     3-Propylxanthine acts as a selective and competitive A2B receptor antagonist with the Ki of 7 μM. 3-Propylxanthine Chemical Structure
  29. GC45354 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E

    NSC 212509

     A withanolide with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E Chemical Structure
  30. GC48437 4'-Acetyl Chrysomycin A A bacterial metabolite with antibacterial and anticancer activities 4'-Acetyl Chrysomycin A Chemical Structure
  31. GC42406 4'-hydroxy Chalcone

    2-Benzal-4'-hydroxyacetophenone, 2-Benzylidene-4'-hydroxyacetophenone, p-Cinnamoylphenol, NSC 242264

     4'-hydroxy Chalcone is a chalcone metabolite with diverse biological activities. 4'-hydroxy Chalcone Chemical Structure
  32. GC18527 4'-hydroxy Flurbiprofen A major active metabolite of flurbiprofen 4'-hydroxy Flurbiprofen Chemical Structure
  33. GC46608 4-(N-Boc-amino)piperidine

    4-(t-Butoxycarbonylamino)piperidine, 4-(tert-Butoxycarbonylamino)piperidine

     An organic building block 4-(N-Boc-amino)piperidine Chemical Structure
  34. GC46609 4-(Phenylcarbonyl)benzoic Acid

    4-Benzoylbenzoic Acid, 4-Carboxybenzophenone, NSC 37115, p-Benzoylbenzoic Acid, p-Carboxybenzophenone

     A photooxidant 4-(Phenylcarbonyl)benzoic Acid Chemical Structure
  35. GC49337 4-Acetamidobenzenesulfonamide

    APAS, N-Acetyl p-Aminobenzene Sulfonamide, N4-Acetyl Sulfanilamide, N-Acetylsulfanilamide, NSC 217, NSC 406839

     A metabolite of asulam and sulfanilamide 4-Acetamidobenzenesulfonamide Chemical Structure
  36. GC42338 4-Aminobenzoic Acid hydrazide

    4ABAH, Myeloperoxidase Inhibitor 1, NSC 640

     4-Aminobenzoic Acid hydrazide is an irreversible MPO myeloperoxidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.3 μM. 4-Aminobenzoic Acid hydrazide Chemical Structure
  37. GC42351 4-carboxy TEMPO

    4-Carboxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl

     4-carboxy TEMPO is a nitroxide and spin label. 4-carboxy TEMPO Chemical Structure
  38. GC46630 4-CPPC A MIF-2 inhibitor 4-CPPC Chemical Structure
  39. GC42369 4-Deoxypyridoxine (hydrochloride)

    4-Deoxypyridoxine, DOP, 4-DPD

     4-Deoxypyridoxine (4-DPD) is a vitamin B6 antimetabolite with diverse biological activities. 4-Deoxypyridoxine (hydrochloride) Chemical Structure
  40. GC42373 4-epi Minocycline

    4-EMC, Minocycline Impurity A

     4-epi Minocycline is the main degradation product of and a potential impurity in commercial preparations of minocycline. 4-epi Minocycline Chemical Structure
  41. GC42374 4-epi-Chlortetracycline (hydrochloride)

    7-chloro-2-Naphthacenecarboxamide

     Chlortetracycline is an analog of tetracycline, a broad spectrum antibiotic. 4-epi-Chlortetracycline (hydrochloride) Chemical Structure
  42. GC42401 4-hydroperoxy Cyclophosphamide

    4-OOH-CY

     4-hydroperoxy Cyclophosphamide, the active metabolite of cyclophosphamide, can cross-link DNA and induce T cell apoptosis independently of caspase receptor activation. It also activates the mitochondrial death pathway through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 4-hydroperoxy Cyclophosphamide Chemical Structure
  43. GC18858 4-hydroxy Alternariol

    4-hydroxy AOH, 4-OH AOH

     4-hydroxy Alternariol is a metabolite of the mycotoxin alternariol formed through cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolism. 4-hydroxy Alternariol Chemical Structure
  44. GC49575 4-hydroxy Omeprazole sulfide

    4-hydroxy OMEP sulfide, 4-hydroxy OMP sulfide, 4-hydroxy OMZ sulfide

     A metabolite of omeprazole 4-hydroxy Omeprazole sulfide Chemical Structure
  45. GA20418 4-Hydroxy-hippuric acid

    p-Hydroxyhippuric Acid; para-Hydroxyhippuric Acid

     Polyphenol metabolite. 4-Hydroxy-hippuric acid Chemical Structure
  46. GC38663 4-Hydroxychalcone

    2-Benzal-4'-hydroxyacetophenone, 2-Benzylidene-4'-hydroxyacetophenone, p-Cinnamoylphenol, NSC 242264

     A chalcone metabolite with diverse biological activities 4-Hydroxychalcone Chemical Structure
  47. GC33815 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

    4-HPAA, p-HPAA, para-HPAA, p-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, para-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, NSC 25066, NSC 27460

     A phenolic acid with anti-inflammatory activity 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid Chemical Structure
  48. GC18853 4-isocyanato TEMPO 4-isocyanato TEMPO is a spin labeling reagent used to label the 2'-position in RNA. 4-isocyanato TEMPO Chemical Structure
  49. GC72066 4-Methyl-6-phenyl-2H-pyranone 4-Methyl-6-phenyl-2H-pyranone can be used for the synthesis of N-hydroxypyridone derivatives, which can protect astrocytes against hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity via improved mitochondrial functionality. 4-Methyl-6-phenyl-2H-pyranone Chemical Structure
  50. GC41299 4-Methylumbelliferyl Caprylate

    MUCAP, 4-MU Caprylate

     4-Methylumbelliferyl caprylate (MUCAP) is a fluorogenic substrate for C8 esterase. 4-Methylumbelliferyl Caprylate Chemical Structure
  51. GC42448 4-MUNANA (sodium salt)

    4-MUNANA, Neu5Ac-α-4MU, Sodium 2-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-N-acetylneuraminate, 4-Methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-α-D-Neuraminic Acid

     4-Methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-α-D-Neuraminic Acid (sodium salt) is a fluorescent substrate used for neuraminidase activity assay. 4-MUNANA (sodium salt) Chemical Structure
  52. GC42461 4-Nitrophenyl β-D-Cellobioside

    p-Nitrophenyl β-D-Cellobioside, para-Nitrophenyl β-D-Cellobioside

     4-Nitrophenyl β-D-cellobioside is a disaccharide and an enzyme substrate. 4-Nitrophenyl β-D-Cellobioside Chemical Structure
  53. GC46672 4-Nitrophenyl Palmitate

    p-Nitrophenyl Palmitate, para-Nitrophenyl Palmitate, pNpp

     A colorimetric lipase and esterase substrate 4-Nitrophenyl Palmitate Chemical Structure
  54. GC35143 4-O-Methyl honokiol

    NSC 293101, 4-Methoxyhonokiol

     A phenol with diverse biological activities 4-O-Methyl honokiol Chemical Structure
  55. GC31648 4-Octyl Itaconate 4-Octyl Itaconate (4-OI) is a cell-permeable itaconate derivative. 4-Octyl Itaconate Chemical Structure
  56. GC46673 4-octynyl Itaconate

    ITalk

     4-octynyl Itaconate (ITalk) is a specific bioorthogonal probe for quantitative and site-specific chemoproteomic profiling of Itaconation in living cells. 4-octynyl Itaconate Chemical Structure
  57. GC49127 4-oxo Cyclophosphamide

    4-keto CP, 4-keto Cyclophosphamide, NSC 139488, 4-oxo CP

     An inactive metabolite of cyclophosphamide 4-oxo Cyclophosphamide Chemical Structure
  58. GC49244 4-oxo Isotretinoin

    Ro 22-6595

     An active metabolite of isotretinoin 4-oxo Isotretinoin Chemical Structure
  59. GC40477 4-Thiouracil

    2-hydroxy-4-Mercaptopyrimidine, NSC 43288, 4-Thiopyrimidin-2-one, 4-TU

     4-Thiouracil is a site-specific, photoactivatable probe used to detect RNA structures and nucleic acid-nucleic acid contacts. 4-Thiouracil Chemical Structure
  60. GC71507 5'-Methylthioadenosine-13C6 5'-Methylthioadenosine-13C6 is the 13C-labeled 5'-Methylthioadenosine. 5'-Methylthioadenosine-13C6 Chemical Structure
  61. GC18582 5'-hydroxy Meloxicam A metabolite of meloxicam 5'-hydroxy Meloxicam Chemical Structure
  62. GC48381 5'-pApA (sodium salt)

    c-di-AMP Control, Cyclic di-AMP Negative Control

     A linearized form of cyclic di-AMP 5'-pApA (sodium salt) Chemical Structure
  63. GC48375 5'-pGpG (sodium salt)

    c-di-GMP Control, Cyclic di-GMP Negative Control

     A linearized form of cyclic di-GMP 5'-pGpG (sodium salt) Chemical Structure
  64. GC49339 5(6)-Carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate

    CDFDA

     An oxidant-sensitive fluorescent probe 5(6)-Carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate Chemical Structure
  65. GC41126 5(S),12(S)-DiHETE 5(S),12(S)-DiHETE is a natural bioactive lipid derived from arachidonic acid. 5(S),12(S)-DiHETE Chemical Structure
  66. GC41127 5(S),15(S)-DiHETE 5(S),15(S)-DiHETE is synthesized by 15-LO from 5(S)-HETE. 5(S),15(S)-DiHETE Chemical Structure
  67. GC40782 5(Z),11(Z),14(Z)-Eicosatrienoic Acid

    5,11,14,20:3, Sciadonic Acid

     5(Z),11(Z),14(Z)-Eicosatrienoic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid found in various natural sources including maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) seed oil (MPSO), gymnospermae leaves and seeds, and freshwater gastropods. 5(Z),11(Z),14(Z)-Eicosatrienoic Acid Chemical Structure
  68. GC46075 5,6-dimethyl-2-Thiouracil

    Dimethylthiouracil, NSC 60687

     A heterocyclic building block 5,6-dimethyl-2-Thiouracil Chemical Structure
  69. GC48815 5,7,8-Trimethoxydictamnine

    Acronycidine, NSC 30619

     A quinoline alkaloid with antimalarial activity 5,7,8-Trimethoxydictamnine Chemical Structure
  70. GC52091 5,7-Dichlorothiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine A building block 5,7-Dichlorothiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine Chemical Structure
  71. GC52227 5-(3',4'-Dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-Valerolactone

    (±)-δ-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-Valerolactone, 5-(3',4'-Dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-VL

     An active metabolite of various polyphenols 5-(3',4'-Dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-Valerolactone Chemical Structure
  72. GC40527 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine is a nucleoside analog with anticancer and antiviral activities. 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine Chemical Structure
  73. GC68562 5-Aminolevulinic acid-13C-1 hydrochloride

    5-ALA-13C-1 hydrochloride; δ-Aminolevulinic acid-13C-1 hydrochloride; 5-Amino-4-oxopentanoic acid-13C-1 hydrochloride

    5-Aminolevulinic acid-13C-1 (5-ALA-13C-1) hydrochloride is a 13C-labeled form of 5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride. 5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (5-ALA hydrochloride) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of heme in the body and serves as a precursor to porphyrins.

     5-Aminolevulinic acid-13C-1 hydrochloride Chemical Structure
  74. GC71833 5-Aminolevulinic acid-d2 hydrochloride 5-Aminolevulinic acid-d2 (hydrochloride) is deuterium labeled 5-Aminolevulinic acid (hydrochloride). 5-Aminolevulinic acid-d2 hydrochloride Chemical Structure
  75. GC52413 5-Aminosalicylic Acid-d7

    5-ASA-d7, Mesalamine-d7, Mesalazine-d7

     An internal standard for the quantification of 5-aminosalicylic acid 5-Aminosalicylic Acid-d7 Chemical Structure
  76. GC49827 5-Androstenetriol

    Δ5-AT

     An active metabolite of DHEA 5-Androstenetriol Chemical Structure
  77. GC45357 5-Chlorouracil   5-Chlorouracil Chemical Structure
  78. GC49233 5-Feruloylquinic Acid

    5-FQA

     A chlorogenic acid with antioxidant activity 5-Feruloylquinic Acid Chemical Structure
  79. GC39760 5-Galloylquinic acid 5-Galloylquinic acid, an main scavenger of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in green tea. 5-Galloylquinic acid Chemical Structure
  80. GC46033 5-Heneicosylresorcinol An alkylresorcinol 5-Heneicosylresorcinol Chemical Structure
  81. GC42549 5-hydroxy Thiabendazole

    5-OH TBZ

     5-hydroxy Thiabendazole (5-OH TBZ) is a major metabolite of the anthelmintic thiabendazole. 5-hydroxy Thiabendazole Chemical Structure
  82. GC61638 5-Hydroxyoxindole 5-Hydroxyoxindole is a structural analog of uric acid. 5-Hydroxyoxindole Chemical Structure
  83. GC46705 5-Methoxycanthinone

    5-Methoxycanthin-6-one, NSC 88929

     5-Methoxycanthinone is an orally active inhibitor of Leishmania strains. 5-Methoxycanthinone Chemical Structure
  84. GC40380 5-OxoETE

    5-KETE

    5-OxoETE is a polyunsaturated keto acid formed by the oxidation of 5-HETE in human neutrophils by a specific dehydrogenase.

     5-OxoETE Chemical Structure
  85. GC46712 5-Phenyllevulinic Acid

    5-Phenyl-4-Oxopentanoic Acid

     A fungal metabolite 5-Phenyllevulinic Acid Chemical Structure
  86. GC46079 5-Tricosylresorcinol 5-Tricosylresorcinolthe is the first cyst lipid. 5-Tricosylresorcinol Chemical Structure
  87. GC49676 6β-hydroxy Budesonide A metabolite of budesonide 6β-hydroxy Budesonide Chemical Structure
  88. GC49629 6β-hydroxy Prednisolone A metabolite of prednisolone 6β-hydroxy Prednisolone Chemical Structure
  89. GC19536 6'-Sialyllactose Sodium Salt

    6'-N-Acetylneuraminyl-D-lactose

     6'-Sialyllactose (sodium), a predominant milk oligosaccharide, reduces the internalisation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in human pneumocytes. 6'-Sialyllactose Sodium Salt Chemical Structure
  90. GC45772 6(5H)-Phenanthridinone

    NSC 11021, NSC 40943, NSC 61083

     An inhibitor of PARP1 and 2 6(5H)-Phenanthridinone Chemical Structure
  91. GC41424 6(S)-Lipoxin A4

    5(S),6(S)-Lipoxin A4, 6-epi-Lipoxin A4, 6(S)-LXA4, 5(S),6(S),15(S)-TriHETE

     The lipoxins are trihydroxy fatty acids containing a 7,9,11,13-conjugated tetraene. 6(S)-Lipoxin A4 Chemical Structure
  92. GC46721 6-Chloro-2-fluoropurine

    NSC 37363

     A heterocyclic building block 6-Chloro-2-fluoropurine Chemical Structure
  93. GC49551 6-Chloropurine Riboside

    NSC 4910

     A nucleoside precursor 6-Chloropurine Riboside Chemical Structure
  94. GC49749 6-Deoxypenciclovir

    BRL 42359

     An inactive metabolite of famciclovir 6-Deoxypenciclovir Chemical Structure
  95. GC45955 6-Ethyl-2,7-dimethoxyjuglone

    2,7-Dimethoxy-6-ethyljuglone

     A fungal metabolite with antimicrobial activity 6-Ethyl-2,7-dimethoxyjuglone Chemical Structure
  96. GC46724 6-Hydroxypyridin-3-ylboronic Acid A heterocyclic building block 6-Hydroxypyridin-3-ylboronic Acid Chemical Structure
  97. GC49235 6-Methylmercaptopurine

    6-MMP, 6-(Methylthio)purine, NSC 20105, SQ 8,343

     A metabolite of 6-mercaptopurine 6-Methylmercaptopurine Chemical Structure
  98. GC49488 6-Methylmercaptopurine-d3

    6-MMP-d3, 6-(Methylthio)purine-d3

     An internal standard for the quantification of 6-MMP 6-Methylmercaptopurine-d3 Chemical Structure
  99. GC49864 6-Methylpterin

    6-MPT

     A derivative of folic acid 6-Methylpterin Chemical Structure
  100. GC45715 6-Prenylindole A bacterial metabolite 6-Prenylindole Chemical Structure
  101. GC18776 6α-hydroxy Cholesterol

    6α-OHC

    6α-hydroxy Cholesterol is an oxysterol that increases superoxide anion production in SK-N-BE cells when used at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM.

     6α-hydroxy Cholesterol Chemical Structure

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