Dihydrokainic acid (Synonyms: DHK) |
| Catalog No.GC14271 |
El Ácido dihidrokaÍnico (DHK) es un inhibidor del transportador de glutamato GLT1 (EAAT2).
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 52497-36-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Dihydrokainic acid (DHK) is an inhibitor of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2; Ki = 23 µM for glutamate uptake by COS cells expressing EAAT2).[1] It is selective for EEAT2 over EAAT1 and EAAT3 (Ki = >3 mM for both). DHK microinfusion (5 nmol) into the rat infralimbic cortex reduces the time spent immobile in the forced swim test, indicating antidepressant-like behavior, an effect that is blocked by the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX and the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 .[2],[3] It also increases glutamate and serotonin levels and the expression of c-Fos in the dorsal raphe nucleus. In contrast, DHK microinjection (6.25 nmol) into the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) increases the latency to drink sucrose in a sucrose intake test, indicating anhedonia-like behavior.[4] It also impairs memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval in mice in the novel object recognition test.[5]
Reference:
[1]. Arriza, J.L., Fairman, W.A., Wadiche, J.I., et al. Functional comparisons of three glutamate transporter subtypes cloned from human motor cortex. J. Neurosci. 14(9), 5559-5569 (1994).
[2]. Gasull-Camós, J., Tarrés-Gatius, M., Artigas, F., et al. Glial GLT-1 blockade in infralimbic cortex as a new strategy to evoke rapid antidepressant-like effects in rats. Transl. Psychiatry 7(2), e1038 (2017).
[3]. Gasull-Camós, J., Martínez-Torres, S., Tarrés-Gatius, M., et al. Serotonergic mechanisms involved in antidepressant-like responses evoked by GLT-1 blockade in rat infralimbic cortex. Neuropharmacology 139, 41-51 (2018).
[4]. John, C.S., Smith, K.L., Van't Veer, A., et al. Blockade of astrocytic glutamate uptake in the prefrontal cortex induces anhedonia. Neuropsychopharmacology 37(11), 2467-2475 (2012).
[5]. Tian, S.-W., Yu, X.-D., Cen, L., et al. Glutamate transporter GLT1 inhibitor dihydrokainic acid impairs novel object recognition memory performance in mice. Physiol. Behav. 199, 28-32 (2019).
| Cas No. | 52497-36-6 | SDF | |
| Sinónimos | DHK | ||
| Chemical Name | (2S,3S,4R)-3-(carboxymethyl)-4-isopropylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC([C@H]1NC[C@H](C(C)C)[C@@H]1CC(O)=O)=O | ||
| Formula | C10H17NO4 | M.Wt | 215.25 |
| Solubility | H2O : 5 mg/mL (23.23 mM; Need ultrasonic) | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.6458 mL | 23.2288 mL | 46.4576 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.9292 mL | 4.6458 mL | 9.2915 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4646 mL | 2.3229 mL | 4.6458 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
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Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 35 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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