L-Kynurenine (Synonyms: 3-anthraniloyl-Alanine, L-KYN) |
| Catalog No.GC12040 |
L-Kinurenina es un metabolito del aminoÁcido L-triptÓfano.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 2922-83-0
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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L-Kynurenine is a metabolite of L-tryptophan and an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. L-Kynurenine can also cause NK cell death through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathway[1][2].
L-Kynurenine triggers competition between aryl hydrocarbon receptor and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) for ARNT (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator) in MCF-7 cells under hypoxic conditions [1]. L-Kynurenine (0-1mM; 48h) specifically affects the expression of NKp46, NKG2D, and CD69 in the phenotype of NK cells cultured in IL-2, without altering the surface density of other triggering or coreceptors, including CD16, 2B4, NTB-A, DNAM-1, and CD59, or the surface density of inhibitory receptors[2]. After adding L-Kynurenine (10-40µM) to the supernatant of HCEC cells, cell apoptosis increased slightly and had a certain dose-dependent toxicity [3]. Treatment with L-Kynurenine (0–800μM; 72h) dose-dependently induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in NK92 MI cells[4].
L-Kynurenine (30mg/kg) inhibited ischemia-induced hyperlocomotion in the mouse MCAO model and reduced ischemia-induced deterioration of spontaneous alternation (a measure of spatial memory) without changing rectal temperature[5]. In the rat L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation model, L-Kynurenine (50-200mg/kg; ip) did not affect allodynia in neuropathic rats, while the combination of L-Kynurenine and the organic anion transport inhibitor probenecid (100mg/kg; ip) reversed allodynia[6].
References:
[1]. Cuartero M I, Ballesteros I, de la Parra J, et al. L-kynurenine/aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway mediates brain damage after experimental stroke[J]. Circulation, 2014, 130(23): 2040-2051.
[2]. Schlichtner S, Yasinska I M, Klenova E, et al. L-Kynurenine participates in cancer immune evasion by downregulating hypoxic signaling in T lymphocytes[J]. OncoImmunology, 2023, 12(1): 2244330.
[3]. Chiesa M D, Carlomagno S, Frumento G, et al. The tryptophan catabolite L-kynurenine inhibits the surface expression of NKp46-and NKG2D-activating receptors and regulates NK-cell function[J]. Blood, 2006, 108(13): 4118-4125.
[4]. Serbecic N, Lahdou I, Scheuerle A, et al. Function of the tryptophan metabolite, L-kynurenine, in human corneal endothelial cells[J]. Molecular vision, 2009, 15: 1312.
[5]. Gigler G, Szénási G, Simó A, et al. Neuroprotective effect of L-kynurenine sulfate administered before focal cerebral ischemia in mice and global cerebral ischemia in gerbils[J]. European journal of pharmacology, 2007, 564(1-3): 116-122.
[6]. Pineda‐Farias J B, Pérez‐Severiano F, González‐Esquivel D F, et al. The l‐kynurenine–probenecid combination reduces neuropathic pain in rats[J]. European journal of pain, 2013, 17(9): 1365-1373.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | MCF-7 human breast cancer cells |
Preparation Method | MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were exposed to 50µM L-Kynurenine for 4h under normal (21%) or low (1%) oxygen supply conditions. |
Reaction Conditions | 50µM; 4h |
Applications | L-Kynurenine triggers competition between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) for ARNT in cells under hypoxic conditions. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) Modle |
Preparation Method | Mice were injected with L-Kynurenine (30mg/kg) 15min before MCAO surgery, and the neuroprotective effects of L-Kynurenine sulfate (a precursor of kynurenic acid) were measured 24 to 48h later. |
Dosage form | 30mg/kg; ip |
Applications | L-Kynurenine inhibited the ischemia-induced hypermotility, and decreased the ischemia-induced deterioration of spontaneous alternation, a measure of spatial memory, without altering the rectal temperature. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 2922-83-0 | SDF | |
| Sinónimos | 3-anthraniloyl-Alanine, L-KYN | ||
| Chemical Name | (2S)-2-amino-4-(2-aminophenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid | ||
| Canonical SMILES | C1=CC=C(C(=C1)C(=O)CC(C(=O)O)N)N | ||
| Formula | C10H12N2O3 | M.Wt | 208.21 |
| Solubility | ≥ 10.85mg/mL in Water with gentle warming | Storage | Store at RT |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.8028 mL | 24.0142 mL | 48.0284 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.9606 mL | 4.8028 mL | 9.6057 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4803 mL | 2.4014 mL | 4.8028 mL |
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Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
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Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 32 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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